Two notes on Varro's De re rustica

De re and De dicto Modality in Islamic Traditional Logic

On De Re Predicates

Thus, we conclude that a modal like ‘think’ is a necessary ingredient for de re/de dicto ambiguity. Roughly put, the ambiguity of (1) can be understood as follows. In the interpretation where ‘the linguist’ refers to Sue, it is evaluated against what we know, so the referent of ‘the linguist’ is who we know as the unique linguist, i.e. Sue. This is the same for the unembedded sentence in (4). O...

Notes on de Sitter space

The Lorentz n–group is the group of “isometries” (transformations preserving the inner product) of Minkowski space, fixing 0, and preserving the time direction. This implies that a Lorentz transformation is an linear isomorphism of Rn as a vector space. If, in addition to preserving the time direction, we also preserve space orientation then the group can be denoted SO(1, n − 1). Notice that a ...

Notes on local re ection principles

We study the hierarchy of re ection principles obtained by restricting the full local re ection schema to the classes of the arithmetical hierarchy Optimal conservation results w r t the arithmetical complexity for such principles are obtained Re ection principles for an arithmetical theory T are formal schemata ex pressing the soundness of T that is the statement that every sentence provable i...

Two Notes on Subshifts

We prove two unrelated results about subshifts. First, we give a condition on the lengths of forbidden words that is sufficient to guarantee that the corresponding subshift is nonempty. The condition implies that, for example, any sequence of binary words of lengths 5, 6, 7, . . . is avoidable. As another application, we derive a result of Durand, Levin and Shen [2, 3] that there are infinite s...